Machine languages is very difficult to use directly and so instructions to a computer are give in a special called a programming language. The programming language is neither English nor machine language, but is somewhere in between. In fact, as you will see, it is more like English than machine language.

由于机器语言很难直接使用，所以计算机指令被表示成一种特殊的语言，这种特殊的语言称为“程序设计语言”。程序设计语言既不是英语，也不是机器语言，而是一种介于两者之间的语言。实际上，正如下面即将看到的那样，较之机器语言，程序设计语言更像英语。

Machine languages are known as low-level languages and programming languages are known as high-level languages.

机器语言被认为是一种低级语言，而程序设计语言则被认为是一种高级语言。

For the computer to carry out the program instructions written in a high level language, they have to be translated from the high level language to the machine language of the computor. A compiler does this translation.

为了让计算机执行由高级语言编写的程序指令，必须把这些指令从高级语言形式翻译成计算机的机器语言形式。编译器用于完成这种翻译。

The items of information that make up an array have all the same data type(int,float etc.) and are logically related in some way. for example, a student's test scores may be integer values that are logically related to the student. In this case it makes sense to store the test scores together in an array. In short, arrays are suitable for storing sets of homogeneous data.

A computer performs tasks by following a predefined set of instructions. This set of instructions is called a computer program. A computer program to a computer is like a recipe to a chef; it specifies the steps needed to perform a certain task. But unforunately, unlike a recipe, you can't give your instructions to a computer in a language such as English or Chinese. For instructions to be "intelligible" to a computer, they need to be expressed in a language "understood" by the computer. The only language "understood" by a computer is its own machine language, which consists of a series of binary ones and zeroes.

计算机完成任务都是通过执行预定义的指令序列来实现的。这个指令序列就称为“计算机程序”。计算机程序和计算机之间，就像食谱和厨师之间的关系一样；计算机程序指定了完成某一任务需要的步骤。

但是遗憾的是，不同于菜谱，您不能用英文或者中文这样的自然语言向计算机发送指令。对于计算机来说，指令必须是“易理解”的，必须表示成一种计算机能“理解”的语言。计算机能“理解”的唯一语言就是机器语言，机器语言由一系列二进制的0和1组成。